Chifukwa chiyani Annealing mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine Imakulitsa Mayendedwe a Copper?

Pamalo opangira zida za solar, riboni yopitilira yamkuwa-yokulirakulirapo kuposa tsitsi la munthu-imadyetsedwa mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine pa liwiro la 30 metres pamphindi. Riboni yamkuwa pamapeto pake idzagwirizanitsa maselo a dzuwa, kunyamula magetsi opangidwa ndi photovoltaic effect. Kuchita bwino kwa kusamutsidwa kumeneku kumadalira mphamvu yamagetsi yamkuwa. Kuwongolera kwa 1% pamakina opangira magetsi a 500 MW kungatanthauze kukhala magetsi owonjezera a 5 MW omwe amaperekedwa ku gridi nthawi yonse yamagetsi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira yochepetsera mkati mwa Solar PV Ribbon Machine si sitepe yaying'ono; ndichofunikira kwambiri pazachuma chazinthu zonse komanso chuma chadongosolo.

Njira yopangira ma annealing mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine ndi njira yotenthetsera yoyendetsedwa bwino yomwe imasintha mawonekedwe amkuwa. Sikuti amangotenthetsa chitsulo; ndi za kuyang'anira bwino kutentha, nthawi, ndi mlengalenga kuti mukwaniritse dongosolo linalake lambewu lomwe limakulitsa kuwongolera. Njirayi imachepetsa zovuta zamkati zomwe zimayambitsidwa panthawi yojambula ndi kugubuduza, zimachotsa zolakwika monga kusokonezeka ndi malo osakhalamo, komanso zimalimbikitsa kukula kwambewu zomwe zimachepetsa kufalikira kwa ma electron. Chilichonse mwa kusintha kwa microstructural kumapangitsa kuti mkuwa ukhale wokhoza kuyendetsa magetsi. Nkhaniyi ipereka kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane kwaukadaulo wa njira yowotchera mu aMakina a Solar PV Ribbon, kupenda fiziki ya conductivity, kusintha kwazitsulo komwe kumachitika panthawi ya annealing, magawo ofunikira a ndondomeko, ndi kuwongolera kokwanira kwa riboni komwe kumabweretsa.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• 1. Fiziki ya Copper Conductivity: Chifukwa Chiyani Microstructure Imafunika
• 2. Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani M'kati mwa Mkuwa Panthawi Yopangira Annealing?
• 3. Ma Parameters Ofunika Kwambiri a Solar PV Ribbon Machine Annealing Furnace
• 4. Momwe Annealing Imakhudzira Katundu Wamakina ndi Kudalirika Kwanthawi Yaitali
• 5. Kuwerengera Kupititsa patsogolo Kupititsa patsogolo: Kuchokera ku Labu mpaka Kupanga
• 6. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQ)
• 7. Mapeto

1. Fiziki ya Copper Conductivity: Chifukwa Chiyani Microstructure Imafunika

Mphamvu yamagetsi yamkuwa sizinthu zokhazikika; zimatengera microstructure yachitsulo. Mu kristalo wamkuwa wangwiro, ma elekitironi amatha kuyenda momasuka kupyola mu latisi, ndipo ma conductivity angakhale okwera kwambiri. Mumkuwa weniweni, kutuluka kwa ma electron kumasokonekera ndi zochitika zobalalitsa. Ma electron amabalalitsa ma phononi (kugwedezeka kwa kutentha kwa lattice), kuchotsa zonyansa, ndi zofooka za kristalo monga malire a tirigu, kutayika, ndi ntchito. Chochitika chobalalika chilichonse chimachepetsa njira yaulere ya electron, yomwe ndi mtunda wapakati womwe ungayende usanapatuke. Kufupikitsa njira yaulere, kutsika kwa conductivity. Cholinga cha annealing ndikuwonjezera njira yaulere pochepetsa kuchulukira kwa malo amwazikana.

Ubale pakati pa conductivity ndi microstructure akufotokozedwa ndi lamulo la Matthessen, lomwe likunena kuti resistivity yonse ya chitsulo ndi chiwerengero cha zopereka kuchokera ku njira zosiyanasiyana zobalalitsa: resistivity chifukwa cha kutentha kwa kutentha, resistivity chifukwa cha zonyansa, ndi resistivity chifukwa cha zolakwika. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda, chopereka cha kutentha chimakhazikika. Chopereka chodetsedwa chimatsimikiziridwa ndi chiyero cha mkuwa. Chothandizira cholakwika - kuphatikiza malire a tirigu, kusuntha, ndi ntchito - ndizomwe kuwongolera kumatha kuwongolera. Pochepetsa kachulukidwe ka zolakwika izi, annealing mwachindunji amachepetsa resistivity ndikuwonjezera conductivity. 

Gome ili m'munsili likufotokozera mwachidule zopereka za njira zosiyanasiyana zobalalitsira ku resistivity ya riboni yamkuwa.

PaMalingaliro a kampani Malingaliro a kampani Jiangsu Goodroller Machinery Co., Ltd., Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon adapangidwa kuti apereke mawonekedwe enieni amafuta ofunikira kuti muchepetse chilema chothandizira kukana. Ng'anjo yowotchera sichiri chotenthetsera chabe; ndi chida chopangira zitsulo chomwe chimasintha microstructure ya riboni yamkuwa kuchoka ku dziko lopanikizika, lolemera kwambiri kupita ku dziko lomasuka, labwino kwambiri. Gawo lotsatira lifotokoza ndendende zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa mkuwa pakusintha kumeneku.

2. Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani M'kati mwa Mkuwa Panthawi Yopangira Annealing?

Njira yolumikizira mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine imachitika m'magawo atatu opitilira: kuchira, kukonzanso, ndi kukula kwambewu. Gawo lirilonse limaphatikizapo kusintha kosiyana kwa microstructural, ndipo iliyonse imathandizira kusintha kwa conductivity. Kumvetsetsa magawowa ndikofunikira pakukhathamiritsa magawo a annealing mu makina a riboni.

Gawo 1: Kuchira.Pa gawo loyambirira la annealing, kutentha kumakwera kufika pamlingo womwe ma atomu omwe ali mumtambo wamkuwa amatha kuyenda mokwanira kuti adzikonzenso. Kusintha kwakukulu pakuchira ndiko kuwonongedwa kwa zolakwika za mfundo (zopanda ntchito ndi ma interstitials) ndi kukonzanso kwa ma dislocation kuti akhazikitse mphamvu zochepa. Ma dislocation amapanga ma cell kapena subgrains, ndipo kachulukidwe ka ma dislocation mkati mwa subgrains amachepa. Izi zimachepetsa kubalalika kwa ma elekitironi ndikuwongolera madulidwe popanda kusintha dongosolo lonse lambewu. Kuchira kumachitika pa kutentha kochepa, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 150 ° C ndi 250 ° C mkuwa.

Gawo 2: Recrystallization.Pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kufika 250-400 ° C, microstructure imasintha kwambiri. Mbewu zatsopano, zopanda mavuto zimakula, zimadya mbewu zakale, zopunduka. Kachulukidwe wa dislocation amatsika ndi madongosolo angapo a ukulu. Mapangidwe ambewu amakonzedwanso kwathunthu. Gawoli limakhudza kwambiri ma conductivity ndi makina. Njere zatsopanozi zimakhala zofanana komanso zopanda zovuta zamkati zomwe zinayambitsidwa panthawi yojambula ndi kugudubuza.

Gawo 3: Kukula kwa Njere.Pambuyo pomaliza kukonzanso, kutentha kwina kumapangitsa kuti mbewu zatsopano zikule. Izi zimachepetsa gawo lonse la malire a tirigu, zomwe zimachepetsanso kufalikira kwa ma elekitironi ndikuwongolera ma conductivity. Komabe, kukula kwakukulu kwa njere kumatha kuchepetsa mphamvu yamakina a riboni, chifukwa chake njira yolumikizira iyenera kukonzedwa kuti ikhale yabwino komanso magwiridwe antchito amakina. Gome ili m'munsiyi likufotokozera mwachidule magawo a kutentha ndi kusintha kwa microstructural pa gawo lililonse.

M'makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon Machine, ng'anjo yowotcherayo imagawidwa m'magawo angapo, iliyonse ili ndi kuwongolera kodziyimira pawokha. Izi zimatithandiza kupanga mbiri yeniyeni yotentha yomwe imatenga mkuwa kudutsa gawo lililonse molamulidwa. Riboni imalowa m'ng'anjo pa kutentha kozungulira, imatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa recrystallization, yomwe imakhala pa kutentha kwa nthawi yeniyeni, kenako itakhazikika pamlingo wolamulidwa. Njira yonseyi imachitika m'malo otetezedwa kuti apewe okosijeni. Mulingo wowongolera uwu ndi womwe umathandizira Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon kupanga riboni yamkuwa yokhala ndi ma conductivity abwino komanso makina.

3. Ma Parameters Ofunika Kwambiri a Solar PV Ribbon Machine Annealing Furnace

Kuchita bwino kwa njira yopangira annealing kumadalira kuwongolera kolondola kwa magawo angapo ofunika. Magawo awa amalumikizana wina ndi mzake, ndipo kusintha chimodzi nthawi zambiri kumafuna kusintha zina. Zotsatirazi ndi zofunika kwambiri pa ng'anjo yowotchera mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine.

Mbiri Yakutentha:Mbiri ya kutentha imatanthawuza kutentha kwa riboni pamalo aliwonse pafupi ndi ng'anjo. Zimaphatikizapo kutentha, kutentha kwambiri, nthawi yonyowa, ndi kuzizira. Kutentha kwapamwamba kumatsimikizira kusintha kwa microstructural kumachitika. Kwa riboni yamkuwa, kutentha kwapamwamba kumakhala mumitundu ya 300-500 ° C. Nthawi yonyowa pa kutentha kwakukulu imalola kuti recrystallization ndi kukula kwambewu kumalize. Kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kuyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino kuti zisayambitse zovuta zatsopano.

Atmosphere:Annealing atmosphere imalepheretsa oxidation ya pamwamba yamkuwa. Ngakhale wosanjikiza woonda oxide akhoza kwambiri kuonjezera kukana kukhudzana ndi kuchepetsa ntchito riboni mu selo dzuwa. Mpweya nthawi zambiri umakhala wosakaniza wa haidrojeni ndi nayitrogeni (wopanga gasi) kapena nayitrogeni weniweni. Zomwe zili ndi haidrojeni zimathandiza kuchepetsa oxide iliyonse yotsalira pamtunda wamkuwa. Mpweya wa okosijeni uyenera kusungidwa pansi pa 10 ppm kuti upewe okosijeni.

Liwu la Riboni:Liwiro limene riboni limayenda mu ng'anjo limatsimikizira nthawi yokhala pa kutentha kulikonse. Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezera nthawi yonyowa, kulola kukonzanso kwathunthu komanso kukula kwambewu. Komabe, zimachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa kupanga. Liwiro liyenera kukulitsidwa kuti liwongolere zokolola ndi zabwino.

Kuthamanga kwa Riboni:Kukangana pa riboni pamene akudutsa mu ng'anjo kumakhudza kukula kwa tirigu ndi zinthu zomaliza zamakina. Kukangana kwambiri kumatha kulepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu ndikuyambitsa zovuta zatsopano. Kukanika kochepa kwambiri kungayambitse riboni kuyendayenda kapena kugwa. Kupsinjika kumayendetsedwa mosamala ndi njira zolipirira ndi zotengera.

Gome ili m'munsiyi limapereka chidule cha magawo ofunikira ndi magawo ake ogwiritsira ntchito Solar PV Ribbon Machine.

Ku Jiangsu Goodroller Machinery Co., Ltd., Solar PV Ribbon Machine yathu ili ndi makina owongolera omwe amalola kuwongolera bwino magawo onsewa. Ng'anjoyo imagawidwa m'madera angapo, iliyonse ili ndi kayendetsedwe ka kutentha kodziimira. Mpweya umawunikidwa mosalekeza ndikuwulamulira. Kuthamanga kwa riboni ndi kupsinjika kumayendetsedwa ndi machitidwe oyendetsedwa ndi servo. Kuwongolera uku kumatsimikizira kuti mita iliyonse ya riboni yopangidwa pamakina athu imakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri ya conductivity ndi kudalirika.

4. Momwe Annealing Imakhudzira Katundu Wamakina ndi Kudalirika Kwanthawi Yaitali

Ngakhale cholinga choyambirira cholumikizira mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine ndikukwaniritsa kukhathamiritsa kwamagetsi, njirayi imakhudzanso kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a riboni. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakudalirika kwanthawi yayitali kwa solar panel. Riboni yokhala ndi machulukidwe apamwamba koma mphamvu yosalimba yamakina imatha kusweka panthawi yolumikizana ndi ma cell komanso panjinga yotentha m'munda. Chifukwa chake njira yolumikizira iyenera kukonzedwa kuti ikwaniritse bwino pakati pa conductivity ndi magwiridwe antchito amakina.

The makina zimatha riboni yamkuwa zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe kake kambewu. Kapangidwe kabwino kamakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri koma kutsika kwa conductivity chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malire a tirigu. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ndi ma conductivity apamwamba koma mphamvu zochepa. Njira yopangira annealing imatilola kuti tisinthe kapangidwe ka tirigu kuti tikwaniritse bwino ntchitoyo. Mwachitsanzo, riboni yomwe idzayang'anitsidwe ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu pamakina pamisonkhano ingafunike kapangidwe kake kambewu kakang'ono komanso mphamvu yayikulu, pomwe riboni yomwe ingagwire ntchito pamalo otentha kwambiri ingafunike kapangidwe kambewu kakang'ono komanso kuwongolera kwapamwamba.

Njira yopangira annealing imathetsanso zovuta zamkati zomwe zimayambitsidwa pojambula ndi kugudubuza. Zopsinjika izi zimatha kupangitsa kuti riboni izungulire kapena kupindika panthawi yomwe ikukonzedwanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kusalumikizana bwino komanso kusalumikizana bwino ndi cell solar. Pochepetsa kupsinjika kumeneku, annealing imawongolera kukhazikika kwa riboni, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwira ndi kulumikiza. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pama riboni oonda, omwe amatha kusokonezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika. Tebulo ili m'munsiyi ikufotokoza mwachidule zotsatira za annealing pa makina akuluakulu a riboni yamkuwa.

Pafakitale yathu, tachita kuyezetsa kwakukulu kuti tikwaniritse magawo a annealing amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya riboni. Tapeza kuti njira yowongoleredwa yoyendetsedwa bwino imatha kukulitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa riboni yamkuwa ndi 3-5% ndikusunga mphamvu zamakina zokwanira zogwirira ntchito komanso kusonkhana. Kuwongolera uku kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu za solar zikhale zapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi. Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon adapangidwa kuti azipereka magwiridwe antchito mosasinthasintha, batch pambuyo pa batch.

5. Kuwerengera Kupititsa patsogolo Kupititsa patsogolo: Kuchokera ku Labu mpaka Kupanga

Kuwongolera kwa ma conductivity komwe kumapezeka kudzera mu makina a Solar PV Ribbon Machine kumatha kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyezera. Njira yodziwika kwambiri ndiyo kuyeza kwa nsonga zinayi, komwe kumayesa kukana kwa kutalika kodziwika kwa riboni. Kuchokera ku kukaniza ndi malo ozungulira, resistivity ikhoza kuwerengedwa. Ma conductivity ndi kubwereza kwa resistivity, ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati peresenti ya International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS). Mkuwa woyengedwa bwino uli ndi conductivity ya 100% IACS.

Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa zambiri kuchokera ku labotale yathu yowonetsa mayendedwe a riboni yamkuwa isanalowe komanso ikatha mosiyanasiyana. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti njira yowonjezeretsa imapangitsa kuti madulidwe, komanso kuti kusinthaku kumadalira magawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kuyatsa kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kusinthika kwa riboni yamkuwa ndi 5.5% poyerekeza ndi momwe amakokedwa. Mu solar panel, kusinthaku kumamasulira mwachindunji kutayika kocheperako komanso kutulutsa mphamvu kwamphamvu. Pa mzere wopangira 500 MW, kuwongolera kwa 5% kwa riboni kumatha kukulitsa mphamvu yapachaka ndi pafupifupi 25 GWh. Ichi ndi phindu lalikulu lazachuma lomwe likugogomezera kufunikira kwa njira yowotchera mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine. Ku GRM, timagwira ntchito limodzi ndi makasitomala athu kukhathamiritsa magawo a annealing pamalingaliro awo enieni a riboni ndi zomwe akufuna kupanga.

6. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQ)

Funso 1: Kodi kutentha koyenera kwambiri kwa riboni yamkuwa mu Makina a Solar PV Ribbon ndi chiyani?

Yankho: Kutentha koyenera kwa annealing kumadalira mtundu wa aloyi yamkuwa, makulidwe a riboni, komanso kukwanira komwe kumafunikira pakati pa madulidwe ndi mphamvu zamakina. Pa riboni ya mkuwa wangwiro, kutentha koyenera kumakhala kosiyana ndi 350-450 ° C. Pa kutentha m'munsi, recrystallization sangakhale wathunthu, ndipo kusintha madutsidwe adzakhala ochepa. Pakutentha kwambiri, kukula kwakukulu kwa njere kungachepetse mphamvu zamakina za riboni. Fakitale yathu ikhoza kupereka malingaliro enieni malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna.

Funso 2: N’chifukwa chiyani m’pofunika kuti pakhale malo otetezera pamene mukuyatsa?

Yankho: Pamafunika mpweya woteteza kuti mupewe oxidation ya mkuwa panthawi ya annealing. Kukatentha kwambiri, mkuwa umalowa mosavuta ndi okosijeni kupanga copper oxide. Ngakhale wosanjikiza woonda kwambiri wa oxide ukhoza kukulitsa kwambiri kukana kwa riboni, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya cell ya solar. Mpweya woteteza, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wosakaniza wa nayitrogeni ndi haidrojeni, umatulutsa mpweya wa okosijeni ndipo umapangitsa kuti mkuwa ukhale waukhondo komanso wopanda okosijeni.

Funso 3: Kodi annealing imakhudza bwanji mphamvu yamakina a riboni yamkuwa?

Yankho: Annealing amachepetsa mphamvu yamakina a riboni yamkuwa ndikuwonjezera ductility. Mphamvu zamakokedwe zimatsika kuchokera ku 350-450 MPa mpaka 200-300 MPa, pomwe elongation imakwera kuchokera 2-5% mpaka 15-30%. Kuchepetsa mphamvuyi ndikovomerezeka kwa ntchito zambiri za riboni za dzuwa, popeza riboni imathandizidwa ndi ma cell a dzuwa ndi encapsulant. Kuwonjezeka kwa ductility kumakhala kopindulitsa chifukwa kumapangitsa riboni kuti zisawonongeke panthawi yogwira komanso kuyendetsa njinga yamoto.

Funso 4: Kodi njira yotsekera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zina kupatula mkuwa?

Yankho: Inde, njira yotsekera imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zina, kuphatikiza aluminiyamu, siliva, ndi golide. Komabe, kutentha koyenera komanso mlengalenga kudzakhala kosiyana ndi chitsulo chilichonse. Copper ndiye chinthu chodziwika kwambiri pa riboni ya solar PV chifukwa chamayendedwe ake abwino komanso otsika mtengo. Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon adapangidwira riboni yamkuwa, koma titha kusintha ng'anjoyo kuti ikhale ndi zida zina ngati pangafunike.

Funso 5: Kodi liwiro la riboni limakhudza bwanji njira yolumikizira?

Yankho: Kuthamanga kwa riboni kumatanthawuza nthawi yokhala ndi riboni mung'anjo yamoto. Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumawonjezera nthawi yonyowa, kulola kukonzanso kokwanira komanso kukula kwambewu, komwe kumapangitsa kuti madutsidwe. Komabe, kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kumachepetsanso kupanga. Kuthamanga koyenera ndi kulinganiza pakati pa khalidwe ndi zokolola. Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon ali ndi makina oyendetsa liwiro loyendetsedwa ndi servo omwe amalola kusintha kwa liwiro la riboni kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

7. Mapeto

Kapangidwe ka annealing mu Solar PV Ribbon Machine ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri popanga riboni yamphamvu kwambiri ya photovoltaic. Poyang'anira bwino kutentha, mpweya, ndi nthawi yokhalamo, ng'anjo yowonongeka imasintha microstructure ya riboni yamkuwa, kuchepetsa zolakwika ndikuwonjezera kukula kwambewu. Kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kumeneku kumapangitsanso kuwongolera kwamagetsi kwa riboni, kumachepetsa kutayika kwamphamvu ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya solar panel. Njirayi imapangitsanso makina a riboni, kuti ikhale yowonjezereka komanso yosavuta kuigwira. Ku Jiangsu Goodroller Machinery Co., Ltd., Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon adapangidwa kuti azipereka mawonekedwe enieni amatenthedwe omwe amafunikira kuti akwaniritse zotsatirazi nthawi zonse komanso modalirika.

Ngati mukuyang'ana kuti muwongolere bwino komanso kudalirika kwa riboni yanu ya solar, gulu lathu lakonzeka kukuthandizani. Timapereka mitundu ingapo ya Makina a Solar PV Ribbon Machine okhala ndi ng'anjo zapamwamba, zowongolera bwino zamlengalenga, komanso liwiro loyendetsedwa ndi servo ndi makina amakanidwe. Lumikizanani nafe lero kuti tikambirane zomwe mukufuna komanso kuti muphunzire momwe ukadaulo wathu ungakuthandizireni kukulitsa kukhathamiritsa kwanu kwa mkuwa komanso momwe mungapangire.

Lumikizanani ndi Jiangsu Goodroller Machinery Co., Ltd. lerokuti mudziwe zambiri za Makina athu a Solar PV Ribbon ndi momwe ukadaulo wathu wolumikizira ungakulitseni bwino kupanga kwanu.